Re: What are Terpines, which oils, what's the difference?Posted by niko txilar on June 7, 2001 at 20:05:44: In reply to: What are Terpines, which oils, what's the difference? posted by Kenzi on June 7, 2001 at 03:40:23: : So what are all these different "terps" and why don't certain oils: have them that we thought had them? Which form of "terp" works for : darkening henna? Help! I think the trick is to find out exactly which terpene works. Different elements do different things. Frankincense (and others, I'm certain) has particular terpenes (mono, di and whatnot) that possibly act upon the henna in a different manner. Here's some info: <<Terpenes- A group of unsaturated hydrocarbons present in plants (see essential oil). Terpenes consist of isoprene units, CH2:C(CH3) CH:CH2. Monoterpenes have two units, C10H16, sesquiterpenes three units, C15H24, diterpenes four units, C20H32, etc. Terpenoids, which are derivatives of terpenes, include abscisic acid and gibberellin (plant growth substances) and the carotenoid and chlorophyll pigments.>> *A Dictionary of Science, Oxford University Press, © Market House Books Ltd 1999. <<Brief Introduction to Essential Oil Chemistry Essential oils are made up of many chemical constituents. No two oils are alike in their structure or their effects. Below is a list of some of the main constituents found in essential oils: · Alcohols · Aldehydes · Esters · Ethers · Ketones · Phenols · Terpenes Each of these can be broken down into numerous smaller units. Take terpenes, for example. This classification includes monoterpenes, sesquiterpenes, sesquiterpene lactones, Di-terpenes, etc.>> *http://www.therealessentials.com/chemistry.html <<TERPENES : Any of a group of hydrocarbons that are made up of building blocks of isoprene (C5H8) or similar five- carbon units, with a monoterpene made up of two units (example: limonene and pinene), a sesquiterpene made up of three units (example: humulene, a Hops aromatic), and a diterpene made up of four units.>> *http://www.healthlink.com.au/nat_lib/htm-data/htm-def/def210.htm <<Terpenes Terpenes are widespread in nature, mainly in plants as constituents of essential oils. Many terpenes are hydrocarbons, but oxygen- containing compounds such as alcohols, aldehydes or ketones (terpenoids) are also found. Their building block is the hydrocarbon isoprene, CH2=C(CH3)-CH=CH2 (isoprene rule, Wallach 1887). Terpene hydrocarbons therefore have molecular formulas (C5H8)n, they are classified according to the number of isoprene units: number of isoprene units monoterpenes 2 sesquiterpenes 3 diterpenes 4 triterpenes 6 tetraterpenes 8 Examples of monoterpenes are: pinene, nerol, citral, camphor, menthol, limonene. Examples of sesquiterpenes are: nerolidol, farnesol. Examples of diterpenes are: phytol, vitamin A1. Squalene is an example of a triterpene, and carotene (provitamin A1) is a tetraterpene.>> *http://www.chemie.fu-berlin.de/chemistry/oc/terpene/terpene_en.html <<Terpenes: An enormous group of plant hydrocarbons formed by the polymerization of 5-carbon isoprene (C5H8) subunits. Terpenes are one of the largest and most varied group of plant chemicals. They may contain carbon chains and rings in different structural forms called isomers. They may also be reduced and oxidized into a vast array of compounds, including alcohols, ketones, acids and fragrant aldehydes. There are five main types of terpenes, including 10-carbon monoterpenes (2 isoprenes), 15-carbon sesquiterpenes (3 isoprenes), 20-carbon diterpenes (4 isoprenes), 30-carbon triterpenes (6 isoprenes) and 40 carbon tetraterpenes (8 isoprenes). >> *http://waynesword.palomar.edu/chemid1.htm#terpenes This site http://shell.rmi.net/~grymntl/bos/herb/essenc.html gives an interesting tech data summary. And this site http://dspace.dial.pipex.com/town/avenue/as07/chemistry.htm gives some very good basic info and drawings and is aimed at aromatherapy. Kind of a nicer focus than industrial grade cleaning supplies! Lastly, this site http://orbital.chem.utas.edu.au/teaching/KRA305/biosynthesis/ubstpfile s/ubstpall.htm gives more info that I can summarise! A 'pop' quiz will follow! peace, txilar
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